How did South Sudan return to the eve of war

The youngest nation in the world once again faces the threat of war.

This month, the helicopter of the United Nations attacked During the evacuation mission in a distant area in South Sudan, he was killed with a member of the staff and the other were seriously injured. The flight saved the wounded government soldiers clashing with an armed group in the upper Nile state in the upper Nile. A day later, the United States, referring to security threats, said that all non-serious government workers from the country were removed.

The attack emphasized one and a half and half after the eastern African people, almost a year and a half and the fan. The latest clashes and previous political tensions have regional observers who are afraid of the collapse of the agreed peace deal seven years ago.

Here’s what you need to know.

Who is fighting?

The main parties in the last clashes are the opposition to the South Sudanese National Forces, President Salva Kiir government and the opposition of the White Army, the opposition of the opposition, Vice President Riek Machar.

Mr. Kiir and Mr. Machar led the two fighters of the Civil War, which ended in 2013 Fragile peace treaty in 2018. The capital, Juba, has shared the profit from oil exports from oil exports and is transferred to ensure the return of Mr. Machar as vice president.

Still deep-seated political and ethnic tensions endureHave militias and armed fractions with sliding stories. Clashes are often interethnicity is characterized by violenceIn particular, Mr. Kirir Dink and Mr. Machar’s Nuer ethnic groups. Duplicate violence, large-scale displacement, economic free collapse and sharply the price of food and fuel.

What caused the latest escalation?

Mr. Machar has a political coalition Accused the government By targeting their allies in February, including by launching a large-scale operation against supporters in the upper Nile state. At least 22 political and military leaders are allied with Mr. Machar been arrestedWhere some are still unknown, Human Rights Watch news.

Government in early March Blamed the White Army Attack and capture military garrison in Nasir, along the border with Ethiopia. Jubada authorities responded to several Machar’s allies, including the Deputy Army Chief, General Gabriel Duop LAM and Oil Minister, Puot Kang Chol.

The UN helicopter in the upper Nile fired on March 7 Safe Pass GuaranteesNicholas Haygs, Chief of the UN Mission of the UN. Along with a member of the helicopter staff, several military officials were said to be dead, the United Nations.

The latest tensions were risked by the demolition of the contradictory government, and to imagine Mr. Kiir’s want to honor Mr. Kir’s peace agreement and protecting control of the country’s political landscape. The next year’s scheduled presidential elections were postponed repeatedly, creating frustration between opposition factions.

“Southern Sudan has a great escalation from sliding a new civil war.” Alan Boswell, the horn of the African director in the International Crisis Group. “If the government collapses or extensive-scale ethnic violence, the country can be divided.”

Did it affect the situation to help us?

The cuts in American assistance already affect the humanitarian situation in South Sudan. The United States Spent $ 760 million to programsIn 2023, including emergency food aid and health in the country.

Assistance groups may be deteriorating the food insecurity of the gross-arrival of humanitarian aid and diseases such as health programs, cholera, malaria and tuberculosis. In January, The United Nations said The violence of contractors prevented the effective delivery of assistance in the state, including bureaucratic obstacles, bureaucratic barriers and cash defects, including the upper Nile state.

What role do uganda play?

Uganda said last week Special forces rich Placed in the jub To make “safe” of South Sudan’s capital. Uganda Military Chief told a Social media post He recognized Mr. Kiir as the only president of the country.

“Any movement against him is the declaration of war against Uganda,” he said, “He said,” he said.

Officials in Juba have not clearly confirmed the presence of the troops. However, Uganda’s party confirmed the position of the parliament of the parliament, describes as “A necessary intervention for peacekeeping to protect the living things, restore stability and prevent increasing conflict.”

Uganda has long been president, Yoweri Museveni, many times in the past many times in the south to South Sudan. A researcher and scientist Yusuf Serunkuma at the University of Makerere, Uganda, said Mr. Museven, said that Mr. Museveni was supported. (Southern Sudan’s presidency has repeatedly repeatedly repeatedly rejected Mr. Kiir’s health problems.)

Civil War, Mr. Kiir, has already stopped oil exports from South Sudan, which limits Mr. Kiir’s protection network in many expelled neighboring Sudan.

“Salva Kiz, Riek Machar has blamed Machar, who has planned to open an old charge since the construction of the country,” Mr Serkuma said. However, with the placement of Uganda, “,” they probably will protect the status quo. “

Regional observers are concerned that Uganda placement and eventually unite with the collapse of a state War to the north in Sudan and covers the region in future confrontation.

What happens next?

The United Nations and Regional Bodies called on South Sudan leaders to increase the crisis and resolve problems through dialogue. The leaders of the eight-national intergovernmental organ about development Called last week Due to the release of the detained officials, according to the release of “reliable evidence to be guaranteed to court proceedings.”

UN Commission on Human Rights in South Sudan He also said All parties must work to make the changes needed to complete the transition period before the elections by repairing the Constitution.